Category: 7. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

What is Mocking? Imagine you have a robot, Robo-Buddy, that helps you test your inventions. Sometimes, you want Robo-Buddy to pretend to be something else so you can see how your invention behaves in different situations without using the real things. That’s what mocking is in testing! Why Do We Use Mocking? In testing, we often need to check how parts of our program work together. But some parts, like a database or a web server, might be slow or not always available. Mocking lets us create fake versions (like Robo-Buddy pretending) of these things so our tests run fast…

What is Test-Driven Development (TDD)? Test-Driven Development (TDD) is a software development approach where you write tests for your code before you write the code itself. This might sound a bit backward at first, but let me explain why it can be a really smart way to write software! Why Use TDD? Imagine you’re building a LEGO model. Before you start putting the pieces together, you look at the instruction manual (tests) to see how the final model should look and work. Then, you start building each small part (writing code) to make sure it fits perfectly into the whole…

What is Unit Testing? Imagine you have a magic wand (computer program) that can do amazing tricks (perform tasks). You want to make sure this wand works perfectly before showing it off. So, you test it! Unit testing is like testing each part of the wand to ensure it works just right. In programming, it means testing small parts of your code, like functions or classes, to check if they work as expected. Why Unit Test? Unit testing helps us catch mistakes early. It’s like making sure every piece of a puzzle fits perfectly before completing the whole picture. It…

Hey there! Imagine you’re building a super cool Lego castle. To make sure others can build it too, you need clear instructions. In the world of programming, these instructions are called documentation. Good documentation helps others (and your future self) understand what your code does and how to use it. Code organization is like arranging your Lego pieces neatly, so you can find the right ones easily when building. In Python, organizing code properly makes it easier to read, understand, and maintain. Let’s dive into both of these important concepts with some fun examples! Documentation Documentation is like the user’s…

Hey there! Today, we’re going to learn how to write code that’s easy to read, easy to fix, and can be used again and again. Think of it like building with Lego blocks – if each piece is well-made, you can build lots of cool things without getting frustrated. 1. Clean Code Clean code is like a neat and tidy room. Everything is in its place, and it’s easy to find what you need. Here are some tips to keep your code clean: Example: In the bad code, f and x are not clear. In the good code, calculate_quadratic and…

SOLID is a set of five principles that help us write better code. Think of it as a guide to building strong Lego structures that don’t fall apart easily. Each letter in SOLID stands for one principle. Let’s break them down one by one with some Python code examples. 1. Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) What it means: Every class should have only one job or responsibility. Imagine if you had a robot that could do your homework and also cook dinner. It would get confusing! It’s better to have one robot for homework and another for cooking. Example: 2. Open/Closed…

Hey there! Today, we’re going to learn about some important rules and tips that make our code better. Think of these like the rules of a game. If you follow these rules, your code will be easier to understand, fix, and share with others. We’ll also see some examples in Python to make it all clear. Ready? Let’s go! 1. Write Clean and Readable Code Imagine you wrote a story and want your friends to read it. You’d want it to be neat, right? The same goes for code. Clean and readable code means that anyone (including future you!) can…

Hey there! Today, we’re going to learn about a cool way to organize our code. Think of your code like a big box of LEGO bricks. When it’s all messy, it’s hard to find the pieces you need. But if you organize them by color and shape, it’s much easier to build something amazing! In programming, we can similarly organize our code by using Object-Oriented Programming (OOP). This helps us make our code easier to read, use, and manage. What is Procedural Code? Procedural code is like following a recipe. You do things step by step, one after the other.…

Hey there! Today, we’re going to learn about designing modular and scalable software systems. Imagine you’re building with LEGO blocks. Each block is like a piece of your software, and you can put them together in different ways to create something amazing. Let’s dive in! What is Modular Design? Modular Design means breaking down a big system into smaller, manageable pieces called modules. Each module does one specific thing, like a LEGO piece that fits perfectly in a particular spot. Benefits: What is Scalability? Scalability means designing your system so it can grow and handle more work without breaking. Imagine…

Imagine you have a big box of LEGO bricks. Each brick is a small part, but when you put it together, you can build something amazing like a castle or a spaceship. In programming, we use something called Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) to build big projects by combining small, manageable parts. Let’s learn how to do this using Python! Real-World Project: A Simple Library System Let’s build a small library system where you can add books, lend them to people, and return them. Step 1: Define the Classes We’ll need three main classes: Library, Book, and Member. Code Example Class Definitions…